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AI's Energy & Water Demands: Sorting Fact from Fiction with Andy Masley

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Andy Masley on AI energy and water use unpacks common myths and brings an Effective Altruism lens to the debate. PSA for AI builders: Interested in alignment, governance, or AI safety? Learn more about the MATS Summer 2026 Fellowship and submit your name t...

Highlights

The environmental impact of artificial intelligence is often misunderstood, with widespread fears about energy and water use outpacing the actual data. This conversation cuts through the noise by grounding AI's resource demands in real-world comparisons and systemic context, revealing a more nuanced picture than headlines suggest.
18:33
Using ChatGPT isn't bad for the environment.
42:04
Most of the carbon cost of AI chips comes from electricity, not production, at a ratio of about 20 to 1.
59:57
A single chatbot prompt uses about two milliliters of water, not a full bottle as commonly claimed.
1:10:03
A 5-gigawatt data center build-out could account for about 1% of U.S. emissions.
1:21:17
Air pollution from AI data centers poses a greater medium-term disaster than climate change.
1:46:30
Data centers generate much more revenue per gallon of water than golf courses in Arizona
1:53:48
Focusing too much on AI's environmental impact distracts from larger ecological issues
1:59:13
An 80-gigawatt build-out for AI represents just over 1% of current global energy use.
2:04:14
AI's net environmental effect is uncertain and depends on how it's deployed

Chapters

How Much Do AI Queries Really Cost the Planet?
00:00
Why ChatGPT Uses Less Energy Than You Think
26:16
What Does One AI Prompt Actually Emit?
47:00
How Big Can AI’s Power Hunger Get?
1:10:03
Is Air Pollution the Real AI Crisis?
1:21:17
Who Pays When Data Centers Move In?
1:35:46
Is AI Even a Climate Problem?
1:53:48
Can AI Help Solve the Climate Crisis?
1:56:05
Will AI Save Energy or Burn Through It?
2:01:41

Transcript

Erik Torenberg: Hello, and welcome back to The Cognitive Revolution. Today, my guest is Andy Masley, a blogger and thinker who's done some of the best recent independent analysis of the energy and water demands associated with AI. Andy is the director of E...