Martinis recounts how his curiosity about whether large-scale systems can exhibit quantum behavior led to foundational work on superconducting circuits and Josephson junctions. These experiments demonstrated quantum tunneling and superposition in macroscopic electrical systems, directly influencing the development of qubits. His contributions culminated in Google's 2019 quantum supremacy experiment using a 53-qubit processor. Today, the field faces challenges in scaling due to noise and error rates, with fault-tolerant systems likely requiring up to a million qubits. Collaborations with semiconductor industries and AI are key to overcoming these hurdles. Meanwhile, global competition intensifies, as China has replicated major quantum milestones, prompting concerns over U.S. leadership. Beyond computing, Martinis’s early detector technologies have enabled advances in astronomy, such as exoplanet detection. Reflecting on the Nobel Prize, he expresses surprise despite long-standing recognition, emphasizing his continued commitment to research and innovation.