Fear is processed through a network involving the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and dopamine systems, where traumatic memories become wired via classical conditioning. Effective treatment requires not just suppressing fear but replacing it with positive associations through extinction learning. Therapies like prolonged exposure and cognitive behavioral therapy leverage narrative reprocessing to rewrite maladaptive memories. Emerging treatments such as ketamine and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy enhance neuroplasticity, allowing traumatic memories to be revisited with reduced emotional charge. Additionally, deliberate stress through cyclic hyperventilation may amplify therapeutic outcomes by increasing autonomic arousal. Social connection, sleep, nutrition, and supplements like saffron and inositol support overall anxiety reduction. Crucially, successful interventions combine safe re-exposure to fear triggers with new learning, enabling the brain to update its threat response and achieve long-term recovery.